I was recently asked by a client how to increase web sales. This in and of itself is not a strange question for a client to ask. It is after all one of the most fundamental questions and concerns for any e-commerce business. However, I was still shocked by the question as it was born out of a lack of understanding of digital strategy.
When I started working with this client I was focusing primarily on SEO. I made sure that they were submitted to the free directory services, I worked on their keywords, I had fresh and unique content created for their site, validated their code, got their products listed on price comparison sites, posted answers to relevant forums and blogs linking back to their site. In short I did whatever I could for free or little cost to help them with SEO. And it worked, their traffic increased by over 100% their sales increased by 600% and things were looking pretty good for them. So good in fact that they made the decision for me to switch my focus to other areas as they were sure that this trend would continue. When they came to me with this plan I cautioned them that the work was not done and there was a high possibility that these trends would not continue without full time attention and an evolving digital strategy. No amount of data or anecdotal evidence would sway them, their mind was made up. But I had said my piece and prepared them for the back slide that their sales would take. In effect their fate was in their hands.
Flash forward, and two months after they switched my focus they asked the question that sparked me to write this post. Their sales had leveled off and had started taking a nose dive. My answer to them was simple. You have to be prepared to allocate a budget and spend money on a diversified digital strategy if you hope to increase your sales. In short you have to spend money to make money.
Now don’t get me wrong there is an awful lot SEO can do with minimal or no monetary investment as illustrated by the dramatic upswing this client initially saw. However, in the long run you are going to have to do things that cost money. If you want to sell things you have to advertise what you sell. Ask any major e-commerce player and they will tell you the same thing. SEO alone will only take you so far. You have to incorporate paid search advertising, display advertising, email marketing, listings on PPC price comparison sites, content network advertising, affiliate programs, and social media. Advertising will not only help you catch buyers at the right time in the buying process it will help build brand awareness, and help increase your site popularity. These strategies will in turn help your ongoing SEO efforts. The common factor in all these digital strategies is that they are not free to implement.
What I see quite frequently, particularly from small businesses, is that they budget for creating a website and not much else. They are operating on what I like to call the Field of Dreams: If you build it they will come principle. They pay a design firm to develop an “SEO friendly” website, get some server space, and then sit back and expect orders to start rolling in. When that doesn’t happen they take what little money they have and hire an SEO professional to do some cleanup but don’t budget much beyond the SEO professionals fees. Leaving the SEO professional to do what he/she can with little to no budget. This can help them out a bit but it will not get them to where they want to be or assumed they would be when the decided to build a website. The assumption was likely having a website and optimizing it for the various search engines was all they would need to do to start seeing meaningful and profitable traffic. What they failed to account for was that their site is only a handful of pages of the billions that the search engines index and that they need other strategies to differentiate themselves from the pack and raise their level of popularity. I think that much of this thinking has to do with the very unrealistic expectation that someone will stumble on their site and be so impressed that they will tell two friends and they’ll tell two friends and so on and so on. Creating a snow ball effect where their traffic and popularity will increase exponentially, driving more and more sales. This is a very risky proposition. There are very few if any e-commerce sites that are so unique and compelling that they will essentially go viral. And even if this does happen the site will probably be replaced in the public consciousness by the next big site and be forgotten in a matter of weeks or days.
Regardless of the assumptions that many people make about websites and e-commerce they need to be marketed just like any other business or product. Money will need to be spent to promote them and any budget for a website has to include marketing dollars. There needs to be a comprehensive digital strategy to maintain brand awareness, drive qualified profitable traffic and support SEO. Take a global brand like Coke for example. They are one of the most recognizable brands in the world and unless you do not posses any of your 5 senses you are probably aware of them. Despite this level of awareness they still spend billions of dollars a year on advertising. And they are doing it in ways that are directly comparable to digital marketing. They use radio and TV commercials to build and maintain brand awareness much like display adverting on the web. They advertise in magazines which were just content networks before content networks were a real thing. They pay stores to place their products on end caps and in desirable shelf locations so that they are visible when their consumers are making a buying decision, which is nothing more than paid search. Oh yeah and they also do web marketing. Why do they do this if they are so recognizable and popular? They do it because they are not the only game in town and they need to separate themselves from the pack. They also realize that they have to spend money in order to do it.
No matter if you are an SEO professional or a business owner looking for SEO services it is important to know that SEO should always be just one piece of a much broader online marketing strategy. Business owners should be budgeting for additional marketing efforts while SEO professionals should be prepared to explain the importance of including other marketing strategies for the broadest most cost effective reach possible.
The question I hear most often from clients and employers is “What does this data mean?” This is most frequently asked in reference to Google analytics aggregate data. The short answer to this is aggregate data does not mean all that much. Aggregate data summarizes or combines other data for analytical and research purposes. It is the analytical equivalent of cliffs notes. Data is very powerful and can help make informed decisions about content, direction, conversion and a host of other topics. But looked at improperly it is as accurate as if you wrote down answers on scraps of paper and randomly pulled them out of a hat.
The data you collect tells the story of your site. The problem is that for the most part the aggregate data only tells part of the story. Take for example the information you can see in the Google Analytics Dashboard. When you first log into Google Analytics you see a snapshot of your site: Total visitors, unique visitors, traffic sources, etc… This information is a good place to start but basing decisions solely off of this view will do you a disservice.
Say for example you go to your dashboard and see that your bounce rate is 70%. This means that 70% of all visitors came to your site saw the home page and left immediately, deciding that your site was not even worth a second click. You would naturally assume based on this aggregate data that there was something horribly wrong with your landing page. You decide to spend money on a costly redesign to make your home page more inviting. After investing thousands of dollars you re-launch your landing page and sit back confident that you will now see a dramatic decrease in you bounce rate and consequently a just as dramatic an increase in conversions. But nothing changes so you conclude that you must not have gotten the design right. Still believing that your high bounce rate is a function of the landing page design you decide that you will rotate a few different designs and see which one works best and has the lowest bounce rate and highest conversion rate. This time you see a positive change but it is not statistically relevant. You are at a loss, you were sure that one of these designs would surely make the impact you were looking for but all you got for your trouble is a bunch of invoices from a designer.
Now let’s take the same situation and instead of looking at the aggregate data we segment that data. You find that you have 3 top traffic sources: a mystery referral URL, organic search, and paid search. The mystery URL is sending a bulk of your traffic. You have noticed this URL before and though you were unfamiliar with it you figured any traffic is good traffic and you are happy to have it. You start to get curious about this traffic and you drill down to the bounce rates for your top sources. You see that organic search has a bounce rate below 40% and so does paid search but the mystery referral URL has a bounce rate close to 90%. Not only does it have a high bounce rate the average time on site is less than 20 seconds. What in the world is going on? How can this be? WTF? Are all questions that you should immediately ask yourself if you see this situation. Digging deeper you find that this mystery URL is associated with a pyramid scheme paying people to surf to several web sites a day. This is all unqualified garbage traffic and all it is doing is skewing your aggregate data. Since you took the time to segment you data you see that, while you have some more work to do driving good targeted traffic to your site the good traffic you are seeing is sticking around and checking out what you have to offer. Your time will be best spent cleaning up your analytics as best you can and getting the story straight before you spend money or resources on redesigns or other costly fixes for problems that may not exist.